Inner ear anatomy, anatomy and physiology of the ear. Ear canal the ear canal or external auditory meatus is approximately 1. Jan, 2020 the ear is a unique organ that is not only necessary for hearing, but also for maintaining balance. The ear converts sound waves from our surroundings into nerve signals that are carried by neurons to the brain.
Topics for this course are based primarily on reading and discussions of original research literature that cover the analysis as well as the underlying physical and physiological mechanisms of acoustic signals in the auditory periphery. Human ear is most sensitive to sound frequency ranging between 1500 and 3000 cycles per second or hertz. Anatomically, the ear can be looked at in three parts. However, young adult ears are responsive to extremes of sound frequencies from 20 to 20,000 hz. Topics include the acoustics, mechanics, and hydrodynamics of sound transmission. The ear is a unique organ that is not only necessary for hearing, but also for maintaining balance. The most visible and easily recognized as well a s adorned by jewelry part of the ear is the pinna also called the auricle. Human ear anatomy and physiology is the topic that i am going to. Anatomy and physiology of the ear childrens wisconsin. We hear with our ears and we listen with our brains. Physiology of the ear health sciences and technology. The nose is the organ of smell located in the middle of the face. Tympanic membrane also called the eardrum, the tympanic membrane divides the external. The bony labyrinth contains the otic capsule, which is denser than the surrounding temporal bone.
Anatomy and physiology our hearing is undoubtedly one of our most important senses because of how sound information is utilized for communication and connection to our family, friends, and the world. How sounds make their way from the source to your brain. Due to ear, nose and throat we are able to hear, smell and speak. Choose from 500 different sets of anatomy and physiology of the ear flashcards on quizlet. Sound waves travel down this canal to the tympanic membrane, a thin sheet of connective tissue also known as the eardrum. A visual analogy guide to human anatomy and physiology. Embryological origin of ear structures external ear ear canal and tympanic membrane middle ear inner ear 4. Anatomy and physiology of the ear main components of the hearing mechanism outer ear middle ear inner ear central auditory nervous system structures of the outer ear auricle pinna collects sound helps in sound localization most efficient in directing high frequency sounds to the eardrum external auditory canal approximately 1.
Right external ear auditory ossicles lateral aspect of right tympanic membrane. The middle ear houses three ossicles, the malleus, incus and stapes and is connected to the back of the nose by the eustachian tube. Klemme discusses basic ear anatomy and an introduction to the hearing pathway. Physiology for ent aids to ventilation clinical governance and audit 2. Physiology of the ear health sciences and technology mit. Learn anatomy and physiology of the ear with free interactive flashcards. Virtual tour of the ear excellent site that is very specific. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Anatomy, physiology, and disorders of the auditory system second edition by aage r. Robert barany 1909, 1910, another nobel prize winner in innerear physiology awarded. The net effect of the head, pinna, and ear canal is that sounds in the 2,000 to 4,000 hz region are amplified by 10 to 15 db. Inner ear anatomy the auditory section of the inner ear is the cochlea, a bony canal 3. Anatomy and physiology of the external, middle and inner ear.
The ear canal protects the eardrum and acts as a resonator, providing about 10 decibels db of gain to the eardrum at around 3,300 hertz hz. Anatomy and physiology of the external, middle and inner. Ossicular chain vibrates as a unit converts sound energy into mechanical energy 3. Although the shape of each ear canal varies, in general the canal forms an elongated s shape curve. The ear, nose and throat are those organ which has some special sense and these are sensory organs. Anatomy and physiology of the ear 3 parts of the ear outer, middle, and inner ear part 1 outer ear pinna to tympanic membrane the pre amp makes sound waves. Inner ear contains the membranous and bony labyrinths, and the cochlea. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
The ossicles are three small bones that function together to receive, amplify, and. What do i need to know about the anatomy and physiology of. Nov 11, 2019 anatomically, the ear can be looked at in three parts. The application of acoustic reflex measures to clinical diagnosis is. This chapter discusses the anatomy and physiology of the inner ear, with emphasis on the vestibular organs and functions, and the vestibular pathways in the central nervous system. See more ideas about anatomy and physiology, physiology and anatomy. This chapter will deal mainly with the ear, first its structure and then its function, for it is the ear that is mainly at risk from hazardous sounds. Human auditory system sharif university of technology. Bekesy considered the question of how the middle ear anatomy and its. Cliffsnotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what youre studying, cliffsnotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. The ears are paired sensory organ comprising the auditory system involved in the detection of sound and vestibular system involved with the maintaining of body balance. The various components that together make up the functional unit of the ear may be conveniently divided into three parts. Basic human ear anatomy and physiology outer middle and.
The more you will learn about how it works, the more you may think how can it work at all. Anatomy and physiology of peripheral auditory system and. Jun 14, 20 human ear anatomy and physiology is our todays topics. Mar 16, 2019 the system for human hearing and balance is a very complex design. Anatomy and physiology of the ear jama otolaryngologyhead. Bekesys contributions to our present understanding of sound. Mechanical events resulting from sound, gravitational forces, and rotational acceleration are detected by the cochlea and vestibular organs within the inner ear.
Sound is a mechanical vibration eg, as produced by a vibrating piano string. Even so, most people do not realize the true complexity and magnificence of our hearing systemat least not until hearing loss or damage occurs. The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal. In the cochlea lies a tubular extension of the membranous labyrinth, the cochlear duct, joined to the modiolus and the outer wall of the cochlea. If you are getting ready for a test this is the web site for you. The text begins with a history of the discovery of the anatomy and physiology of the ear and works systematically from the external, middle, and inner ear to the brain. Eustachian tube occasional opening of the eustachian tube is necessary to ventilate and equalize pressure in the middle ear.
The modular format allows you to focus on one key concept at a time. In this article we cover anatomy and physiology of ear, nose and throat in detail with pictures. The anatomy of the inner ear features a large central illustration showing the temporal bone and the structures that make up the inner ear mastoid portion, petrous portion and squamous portion. The most basic breakdown of the ear is into 4 parts. The inner earlabrynth bony labrynth membraneous labrynth 4. It contains fluid called perilymph and three cavities, called the cochlea, vestibule. The external ear is the auricle, or pinna, a cartilagesupported fleshy flap that helps to funnel sound waves into the external auditory canal. The pinna and external auditory canal form the outer ear, which is separated from the middle ear by the tympanic membrane. Anatomy tour excellent web site with wonderful pictures and graphics.
These include the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. Anatomy and physiology of the ear linkedin slideshare. The basement excellent site that has anatomy quizzes and animated pictures. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The pinna and the ear canal are all part of what is known as the external ear, while the tympanic membrane forms the boundary between the external ear and middle ear. Information from its description page there is shown below. Anatomy and physiology of the ear how we hear communication is receiving and giving information. Rhinology 53 anatomy and physiology of the nose external nose and vestibule nasal cavity nasal sinuses section 1. Anatomy and physiology of the ear aintree university hospital. Anatomy, physiology, and disorders of the auditory. Before the renaissance, there was a paucity of knowledge of the anatomy of the ear. Much of our ability to extract information from sound is based on. Since the grosser outlines of inner ear anatomy are given in many textbooks of anatomy, physiology and otolaryngology, only a brief description is given here as an introduction to the ultrastructure of the cochlea with which this chapter is mainly concerned.
The inner ear labrynth bony labrynth membraneous labrynth 4. Nov 23, 2015 the human ear is divided into three compartments. The middle ear is an airfilled cavity composed of the tympanic membrane, and the ossicles with the associated muscles, tendons, and ligaments, as well as the eustachian tube. The inner ear houses the vestibulocochlear organ that maintains balance and receives sound from the middle ear. External ear auricle t he auricle consists of a network of yellow elastic fibrocartilage covered by a very thin layer of skin, which tightly adheres directly to the perichondrium.
This handout will explain the parts of the ear and how we hear. Watch free video lecture by the worlds most popular medical teacher. The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance. The outer ear the pinna, also called the auricle, is part of the outer ear and the most visible portion figure 42. This vibration sets up small oscillations of air molecules that, in turn, cause adjacent molecules to. Anatomy of the ear if you want to understand how the auditory system works, you must know the anatomy of the ear. External auditory canal or tube the tube that connects the outer ear to the inside or middle ear.
Moller provides the basis for a broad, but concise understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the ear and the auditory nervous system, and the disorders of this system and their pathophysiology. Concerning ear anatomy, the ear can be divided into three regions. The outer ear consists of two partsthe pinna and the external auditory canal ear canal. Applied anatomy, physiology and embryology of the ear. Nov 11, 2015 studenten han logopedie owe zo hoort het anatomy.
The ear consists of three partsexternal, middle and internal. Applied anatomy, physiology and embryology of the ear the ear contains two specialized sensory organs, the cochlea and the vestibular apparatus, enclosed in the extremely hard protective casing of the temporal bone. Introduction to the anatomy and physiology of the auditory system. Human ear is one of the essential part of our head. Outer ear middle ear inner ear central auditory nervous system 3. In addition, new labels for various angles and crosssectional areas of the external auditory canal are provided. The inner ear cochlea hearing vestibular system balance 4. Middle ear contains the malleus, incus and stapes bones known as the ossicles. Outer ear pinna and auditory canal down to the level of the tympanic membrane. The inner twothirds of the ear canal is imbedded in the temporal bone. Tags anatomy of ear, detailed information of human ear, ear and its parts, human ear, physiology of ear, size of human ear post navigation cyberpunk 2020 pdf download free top 5 educational websites every student should visit today. Human ear anatomy and physiology is our todays topics. Anatomy and physiology of the canine ear request pdf. Basic human ear anatomy and physiology outer middle and inner ear.
687 1023 1388 1177 1440 12 983 345 1110 342 834 197 1001 799 369 630 172 442 37 122 900 184 413 903 333 6 1057 849 585 1386 1323 693 1163 1432 900 1047 838 1245 1103 1140